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Continuous ethanol exposure (15% v/v for 28 days) significantly upregulates dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) activity, increasing mitochondrial fission frequency while downregulating mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) expression 24. This imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics ultimately results in mitochondrial membrane potential reduction and impaired calcium buffering capacity 23. This metabolic crisis impairs synaptic plasticity within the hippocampus, a region […]